French Toast Croque Madame Casserole

Name: French Toast Croque Madame Casserole
Ingredients: 2 tablespoons unsalted butter, plus more for the baking pan; 2 cups half-and-half; 1 teaspoon vanilla extract; 10 large eggs; Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper; 14 slices white bread, about 1/2 inch thick; 12 ounces Gruyere, grated (about 3 1/2 cups); 14 thin slices Black Forest ham; Nonstick cooking spray, for the foil; Confectioners' sugar, for dusting; Warm maple syrup, for serving, optional; Seedless raspberry jam, for serving, optional