5 pounds (2.3 kg) beef short ribs, English- or flanken-cut (see note)
1/4 cup (60 ml) tamarind paste (see notes)
1 1/2 tablespoons (22 ml) honey
1 serrano chile pepper, stemmed and chopped
4 teaspoons (17 g) jaggery or dark brown sugar (see note)
Pinch of asafetida (optional)
1 tablespoon (12 g) kosher salt, plus more for seasoning; for table salt, use half as much by volume
Freshly ground black pepper
2 tablespoons (30 ml) neutral oil such as vegetable oil
2 tablespoons (28 g) unsalted butter
1 tablespoon (14 g) extra-virgin olive oil
1 large yellow onion (10 ounces; 283 g), cut into 1/2-inch dice
2 large carrots (about 12 ounces; 450 g total), cut into 1/2-inch dice
5 medium cloves garlic, smashed
2 tablespoons (30 ml) tomato paste
2 bay leaves
3 sprigs fresh thyme
5 cups (1.2 L) homemade beef or chicken stock or store-bought low-sodium chicken broth (if using store-bought broth, pour 1 packet unflavored gelatin (2 1/2 teaspoons; 10 g) over it and let set for 5 minutes; see notes)
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