Apple Barlotto: Orzotto di Mele

Name: Apple Barlotto: Orzotto di Mele
Ingredients: 2 1/2 cups pearl barley; 4 cups brown chicken stock, recipe follows; 1/4 cup unsalted butter; 3 large apples, cored, finely chopped and tossed with the juice of 1 lemon; 1 teaspoon pear grappa; 1/2 cup Tocai Friuliano (recommended: Bastianich); 1/2 bunch mint, leaves removed and finely chopped; 1/2 cup freshly grated Parmigiano-Reggiano; 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil; 3 1/2 pounds chicken wings, backs, and bones; 3 carrots, coarsely chopped; 2 onions, coarsely chopped; 4 ribs celery, coarsely chopped; 2 tablespoons tomato paste; 1 tablespoon black peppercorns; 1 bunch parsley stems